广州石牌桥地铁车站深基坑信息化施工与分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

安关峰  高峻岳 《岩土力学》2005,26(11):1837-1840

广州市石牌桥地铁车站主体基坑维护结构采用密排人工挖孔桩,通过优化计算分析确定桩间距为2.0 m的疏排人工挖孔桩加内支撑方案。但是,该基坑处于广州市繁华地段,基坑周边环境复杂,针对该基坑布置详细的监测方案,较全面的获得有关数据,并确保了基坑的安全施工。  相似文献   

支持向量机对采空区稳定时间的预计     

李爱兵  尹彦波 《岩土力学》2005,26(Z2):231-233

支持向量机是基于结构风险最小化原理的机器学习技术,在广泛收集金属矿山采空区失稳塌陷时间资料的基础上,建立了基于支持向量机的采空区稳定时间的预计模型。通过对采空区稳定时间测试样本的预测研究表明,用支持向量机来预计采空区的稳定时间是可行的。  相似文献   

Propagating uncertainty from catchment experiments to estimates of streamflow reduction by invasive alien plants in southwestern South Africa     

Glenn R. Moncrieff  Jasper A. Slingsby  David C. Le Maitre 《水文研究》2021,35(4):e14161

Long-term catchment experiments from South Africa have demonstrated that afforestation of grasslands and shrublands significantly reduces surface-water runoff. These results have guided the country's forestry policy and the implementation of a national Invasive Alien Plant (IAP) control programme for the past few decades. Unfortunately, woody IAP densities continue to increase, compounding existing threats to water security from population growth and climatic change. Decision makers need defensible estimates of the impacts of afforestation or invasions on runoff to weigh up alternative land use options, or guide investment of limited resources into ecosystem restoration through IAP clearing versus engineering-based water-augmentation schemes. Existing attempts to extrapolate the impacts observed in catchment afforestation experiments to broad-scale IAP impacts give no indication of uncertainty. Globally, the uncertainty inherent in the results from paired-catchment experiments is seldom propagated into subsequent analyses making use of these data. We present a fully reproducible Bayesian model that propagates uncertainty from input data to final estimates of changes in streamflow when extrapolating from catchment experiments to broader landscapes. We apply our model to South Africa's catchment experiment data, estimating streamflow losses to plantations and analogous plant invasions in the catchments of southwestern South Africa, including uncertainty. We estimate that regional streamflow is reduced by 304 million m³ or 4.14% annually as a result of IAPs, with an upper estimate of 408 million m³ (5.54%) and a lower estimate of 267 million m³ (3.63%). Our model quantifies uncertainty associated with all parameters and their contribution to overall uncertainty, helping guide future research needs. Acknowledging and quantifying inherent uncertainty enables more defensible decisions regarding water resource management.  相似文献   

Regional regression models for hydro‐climate change impact assessment          下载免费PDF全文

Rabi Gyawali  Veronica W. Griffis  David W. Watkins  Neil M. Fennessey 《水文研究》2015,29(8):1972-1985

Hydro‐climatic impacts in water resources systems are typically assessed by forcing a hydrologic model with outputs from general circulation models (GCMs) or regional climate models. The challenges of this approach include maintaining a consistent energy budget between climate and hydrologic models and also properly calibrating and verifying the hydrologic models. Subjective choices of loss, flow routing, snowmelt and evapotranspiration computation methods also increase watershed modelling uncertainty and thus complicate impact assessment. An alternative approach, particularly appealing for ungauged basins or locations where record lengths are short, is to predict selected streamflow quantiles directly from meteorological variable output from climate models using regional regression models that also include physical basin characteristics. In this study, regional regression models are developed for the western Great Lakes states using ordinary least squares and weighted least squares techniques applied to selected Great Lakes watersheds. Model inputs include readily available downscaled GCM outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3. The model results provide insights to potential model weaknesses, including comparatively low runoff predictions from continuous simulation models that estimate potential evapotranspiration using temperature proxy information and comparatively high runoff projections from regression models that do not include temperature as an explanatory variable. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Estimating tree canopy cover using harmonic regression coefficients derived from multitemporal Landsat data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

The goal of this study was to evaluate whether harmonic regression coefficients derived using all available cloud-free observations in a given Landsat pixel for a three-year period can be used to estimate tree canopy cover (TCC), and whether models developed using harmonic regression coefficients as predictor variables are better than models developed using median composite predictor variables, the previous operational standard for the National Land Cover Database (NLCD). The two study areas in the conterminous USA were as follows: West (Oregon), bounded by Landsat Worldwide Reference System 2 (WRS-2) paths/rows 43/30, 44/30, and 45/30; and South (Georgia/South Carolina), bounded by WRS-2 paths/rows 16/37, 17/37, and 18/37. Plot-specific tree canopy cover (the response variable) was collected by experienced interpreters using a dot grid overlaid on 1 m spatial resolution National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) images at two different times per region, circa 2010 and circa 2014. Random forest model comparisons (using 500 independent model runs for each comparison) revealed the following (1) harmonic regression coefficients (one harmonic) are better predictors for every time/region of TCC than median composite focal means and standard deviations (across times/regions, mean increase in pseudo R² of 6.7% and mean decrease in RMSE of 1.7% TCC) and (2) harmonic regression coefficients (one harmonic, from NDVI, SWIR1, and SWIR2), when added to the full suite of median composite and terrain variables used for the NLCD 2011 product, improve the quality of TCC models for every time/region (mean increase in pseudo R² of 3.6% and mean decrease in RMSE of 1.0% TCC). The harmonic regression NDVI constant was always one of the top four most important predictors across times/regions, and is more correlated with TCC than the NDVI median composite focal mean. Eigen analysis revealed that there is little to no additional information in the full suite of predictor variables (47 bands) when compared to the harmonic regression coefficients alone (using NDVI, SWIR1, and SWIR2; 9 bands), a finding echoed by both model fit statistics and the resulting maps. We conclude that harmonic regression coefficients derived from Landsat (or, by extension, other comparable earth resource satellite data) can be used to map TCC, either alone or in combination with other TCC-related variables.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)形态性状与净肉重和出肉率的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张倩  王全超  于洋  张成松  黄皓  李富花  相建海 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(3):653-661

为了探究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)表型性状与净肉重、出肉率的关系,本研究以5月龄的650尾凡纳滨对虾为材料,测量了全长、体长、头胸甲和各体节的长宽高等24个表型性状,根据体重、净肉重计算出肉率,通过相关分析、逐步回归分析和通径分析,计算了各性状间的相关系数、通径系数和决定系数,分析了24个表型性状与净肉重和出肉率的关系。结果表明,相关系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01);通过逐步回归分析建立了以净肉重为因变量,13个性状为自变量的回归方程;同时建立了以出肉率为因变量,9个性状为自变量的回归方程。通径分析结果显示,体长对净肉重的直接影响最大,其次是第3腹节长和第1腹节宽;对出肉率的正向直接影响最大的是体长,其次是第2腹节高和第3腹节长,头胸甲长、宽、高以及尾节长与出肉率呈明显负相关。决定系数分析结果与通径分析结论基本一致,在所分析的24个形态性状中,体长和第3腹节长与净肉重和出肉率密切相关。在实际生产中,可以通过测量体长和第3腹节长等形态性状间接实现对净肉重、出肉率的选择,选育优良品种。  相似文献   

融合历史犯罪数据的疑犯社会活动位置预测     

段炼  党兰学  胡涛  朱欣焰  叶信岳 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(7):929-938

由于重点跟踪人员（疑犯）的社会活动监控数据可获取性差,难以直接反映疑犯的社会活动时空模式,降低了案情分析和犯罪风险预测的有效性。为此,本文提出了融合犯罪记录的位置预测（Crime Records enhanced Location Prediction,CReLP）模型,将疑犯犯罪记录信息融入协同过滤算法,预测疑犯在未来对任意位置的访问频度。该方法利用张量（Tensor）表达疑犯在不同时段和位置上的访问频度,基于疑犯的犯罪事件数据构建疑犯时空关联度矩阵,利用该矩阵约束正则化的张量分解（Tensor Decomposition）过程,以解算出张量中的缺失值,进而获得各疑犯的潜在时空分布模式。实验采用包含了241个疑犯、1.9万个位置记录的真实疑犯位置数据集进行了模型测试,结果表明本文方法在均方根误差和 top-k 最小搜寻距离2个指标上都超过其他Baseline方法32%~63%和14%~26%,大幅提高了位置时空预测的有效性和健壮性。  相似文献   

响水近岸海域波浪特性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

高晨晨  周谷城  王侃睿 《海洋学报》2019,41(5):23-34

基于响水波浪站累计一整年的现场观测资料，分析了波高和波周期的年内变化特性，研究了波浪的统计特性和波谱特性，并总结归纳了该海域各特征波要素之间以及各波谱参数之间的转换关系。结果显示:响水海域全年有效波高的变化幅度在0.10~2.80 m之间，年平均值为0.56 m；最大波高的变化幅度在0.15~5.58 m之间，年平均值为0.93 m；平均波周期的变化范围为1.91~9.02 s，年平均值为3.90 s。夏季大波高发生频率明显要小于冬、春季节，波浪季节性变化较为显著。就波高和波周期分布而言，通过拟合得出的Weibull分布较为适合本海域实测波高分布和波周期分布。波谱特性方面，本海域双峰谱占到总数的62.5%，且低频谱峰值普遍高于高频谱峰值，其中低频谱峰出现在0.04 Hz左右，高频谱峰则出现在0.15~0.20 Hz之间，分别为本海域涌浪和风浪所集中的频率区间。采用回归分析方法进一步分析了各特征波要素之间以及各波谱参数之间的关系，发现多数波参数之间存在显著的相关性，但受波浪浅水变形影响，各参数之间的比值与理论深水关系有所区别。本文的研究成果可为沿海建筑物的设计以及防灾减灾提供参考和依据。  相似文献   

A regression model-based method for indoor positioning with compound location fingerprints     

Tomofumi Takayama  Nobuyoshi Komuro  Noritaka Osawa 《地球空间信息科学学报》2019,22(2):107-113

ABSTRACT

This paper proposed and evaluated an estimation method for indoor positioning. The method combines location fingerprinting and dead reckoning differently from the conventional combinations. It uses compound location fingerprints, which are composed of radio fingerprints at multiple points of time, that is, at multiple positions, and displacements between them estimated by dead reckoning. To avoid errors accumulated from dead reckoning, the method uses short-range dead reckoning. The method was evaluated using 16 Bluetooth beacons installed in a student room with the dimensions of 11 × 5 m with furniture inside. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values of the beacons were collected at 30 measuring points, which were points at the intersections on a 1 × 1 m grid with no obstacles. A compound location fingerprint is composed of RSSI vectors at two points and a displacement vector between them. Random Forests (RF) was used to build regression models to estimate positions from location fingerprints. The root mean square error of position estimation was 0.87 m using 16 Bluetooth beacons. This error is lower than that received with a single-point baseline model, where a feature vector is composed of only RSSI values at one location. The results suggest that the proposed method is effective for indoor positioning.  相似文献   

New expression-based models to estimate scour depth at clear water conditions in rectangular channels     

Mohammad Najafzadeh  Jalal Shiri  Mohammad Rezaie-Balf 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(2):227-235

Scouring in the channel contractions occurs due to the flow concentration within them inducing excessive bed shear stress. This is a complex process, so it is difficult to describe it through a general empirical model, the present research work describes contemporary conceptual relationships to estimate the local scour depth under equilibrium and clear water conditions in rectangular channels. Incidentally, gene-expression programming (GEP), evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), and model tree (MT)-based formulations were utilized to predict the scour depth at long contractions. The input variables comprising average flow velocity, critical threshold velocity of sediment movement, flow depth, median particle diameter, geometric standard deviation, and uncontracted and contracted channel widths were used to feed the applied models. The performances of the developed approach were compared with those calculated using existing scour prediction equations. The results showed that the developed MT approach in terms of linear relationships could predict the scour depth more precisely than GEP, EPR, and the traditional equations. What is more, dimensionless parameter of h₁/b₁ (ratio of upstream flow depth to uncontracted channel width) was determined as the most influential variable in predicting the scour depth in long contractions.  相似文献